Showing posts with label li. Show all posts
Showing posts with label li. Show all posts
Saturday, March 23, 2013
Li Ion Battery Charger
The LP2951 regulator is manufactured by National Semiconductors. The choice of values is from an application note "Battery Charging", written by Chester Simpson. Diode D1 can be any diode from the 1N00x series, whichever is conveniently available. It functions as a blocking diode, to prevent a back flow of current from the battery into the LP2951 when the input voltage is disconnected. Charging current is about 100+mA, which is the internally-limited maximum current of the LP2951. For those wondering, this is compatible with just about any single-cell li-ion battery since li-ion can generally accept a charging current of up to about 1c (i.e. charging current in mA equivalent to their capacity in mAh, so a 1100mAh li-ion cell can be charged at up to 1100mA and so on).
A lower charging current just brings about a correspondingly longer charge time. IMHO 100mA is quite low, low enough that the circuit can be used for an overnight charger for many typical single-cell li-ion batteries. The resistors are deliberately kept at large orders of magnitude (tens/hundred Kohm and Mohm range) to keep the off-state current as low as possible, at about 2?A. Resistor tolerances should be kept at 1% for output voltage accuracy. The 50k pot allows for an output voltage range between 4.08V to 4.26V - thus allowing calibration as well as a choice between a charging voltage of 4.1V or 4.2V depending on the cell to be charged. The capacitors are for stability, especially C2 which prevents the output from ringing/oscillating.
Parts List:
IC1 = LP2951, voltage regulator
D1 = 1N4002, General purpose diode
R1 = 2M, 1%, metal-film
R2 = 806K, 1%, metal-film
P1 = 50K, potentiometer
C1 = 0.1uF, polyester
C2 = 2.2uF/16V, electrolytic
C3 = 330pF, ceramic
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A lower charging current just brings about a correspondingly longer charge time. IMHO 100mA is quite low, low enough that the circuit can be used for an overnight charger for many typical single-cell li-ion batteries. The resistors are deliberately kept at large orders of magnitude (tens/hundred Kohm and Mohm range) to keep the off-state current as low as possible, at about 2?A. Resistor tolerances should be kept at 1% for output voltage accuracy. The 50k pot allows for an output voltage range between 4.08V to 4.26V - thus allowing calibration as well as a choice between a charging voltage of 4.1V or 4.2V depending on the cell to be charged. The capacitors are for stability, especially C2 which prevents the output from ringing/oscillating.Parts List:
IC1 = LP2951, voltage regulator
D1 = 1N4002, General purpose diode
R1 = 2M, 1%, metal-film
R2 = 806K, 1%, metal-film
P1 = 50K, potentiometer
C1 = 0.1uF, polyester
C2 = 2.2uF/16V, electrolytic
C3 = 330pF, ceramic
Friday, March 22, 2013
Make this Li Ion Battery Charger Circuit
It is generally advised that a Li-ion battery should be charged with utmost care and caution as these type of batteries are prone to instant damages or explosions if the specified charging measures are not employed. Here we discus a Li-ion charger circuit which has been specifically designed for charging all types Li-Ion Batteries very safely and without any considerations.
Thanks to TEXAS INSTRUMENTS for providing us with this wonderful chip, the LM3622 which is an excellent Li-Ion charger, controller device. The IC has been designed for generating a constant current at constant voltage, a basic prerequisite for all Li-Ion batteries. The IC may be configured for charging a single Li-Ion cell or a pack of many.
The circuit using the IC LM3622 can be fed with voltages right from 5 to 24V depending upon the charging needs and the connected battery. The IC does not require any precision external resistors for implementing the functions. Moreover, the IC has a negligible drain of less than 200nA of current from the battery in the absence of an input voltage.
The in built circuitry of the chip accurately regulates the charging current through the principle of temperature compensated band-gap reference. The current is regulated, however its done via an external current sensing resistor.
The band gap principle results in an efficient operating control performance of the circuit and also of the input supply voltage.
The circuit diagram illustrates a low drop out linear Li-Ion battery charger design which is capable of charging a single 3.7V Li-Ion Cell.
For enabling low voltage detection, the switches J1 and J2 may be appropriately selected.
The IC starts the charging process by first detecting the voltage of the cell and “enable status” of the low voltage detection.
The transistor Q2 immediately comes into the operating condition as soon as the connected battery hits target regulation level, determined by the internal setting of the IC.
Q2 now begins supplying a regulated voltage to the connected battery, initiating a constant voltage charging mode of the circuit.
In the above situation the battery receives a constant regulated voltage across its terminals, while the charging current is monitored depending upon the level of charge over the battery.
On reaching a full charge condition, the charge current to the battery is significantly reduced to a safe value.
For more information, you may refer to the following article.
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