Showing posts with label electronic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label electronic. Show all posts
Thursday, July 11, 2013
Simple Electronic Quiz Switch
One of the common rounds in the quizzes is the buzzer round. We are describing here a simple electronic circuit that can be used in any test or quiz competition. In this circuit, only four persons can participate, and every participant is assigned a certain number. Whenever a switch is pressed, the circuit locks the remaining three entries. At the same time, an alarm sounds and the designated switch number is displayed on the seven segment LED display.When a player presses his switch, the corresponding output of IC1 goes high. Let us suppose, when switch S1 is pressed, D1 input of IC1 goes low and its corresponding output Q1 goes high. As a result, current passes through D5 to piezo buzzer PZ1, which creates a beep. At the same time, current also passes through diodes D6-D7 to show the number on the LED display.
Circuit diagram:
Simple Electronic Quiz Switch Circuit Diagram
Similarly, when any other switch (S2-S4) is pressed, the corresponding number gets displayed on seven segment displaying DIS1 and buzzer sounds. Switch S5 is used to reset the display exclusively. Switch S5 is a push to on switch. The circuit is powered by 9V battery. Assemble the circuit on a general purpose PCB and enclose it in a suitable case along with seven segment display and piezo buzzer. The assembled circuit can be kept near the host and the switches connected through the external can be assigned to the players.
http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/06/simple-electronic-quiz-switch.html
Wednesday, July 10, 2013
Electronic Thermostat and Relay
Here is a simple thermostat circuit that can be used to control a relay and supply power to a small space heater through the relay contacts. The relay contacts should be rated above the current requirements for the heater. Temperature changes are detected by a (1.7K @ 70F) thermistor placed in series with a 5K potentiometer which produces about 50 millivolts per degree F at the input of the LM339 voltage comparator. The two 1K resistors connected to pin 7 set the reference voltage at half the supply voltage and the hysteresis range to about 3 degrees or 150 millivolts. The hysteresis range (temperature range where the relay engages and disengages) can be adjusted with the 10K resistor between pins 1 and 7. A higher value will narrow the range.
Electronic Thermostat and Relay Circuit Diagram
In operation, the series resistor is adjusted so that the relay just toggles off at the desired temperature. A three degree drop in temperature should cause the relay to toggle back on and remain on until the temperature again rises to the preset level. The relay action can be reversed so it toggles off at the lower end of the range by reversing the locations of the 5K potentiometer and thermistor. The 5.1 volt zener diode regulates the circuit voltage so that small changes in the 12 volt supply will not effect operation. The voltage across the thermistor should be half the supply or about 2.6 volts when the temperature is within the 3 degree range set by the potentiometer. Most any thermistor can be used, but the resistance should be above 1K ohm at the temperature of interest. The series resistor selected should be about twice the resistance of the thermistor so the adjustment ends up near the center of the control.
Electronic Thermostat and Relay Circuit Diagram
In operation, the series resistor is adjusted so that the relay just toggles off at the desired temperature. A three degree drop in temperature should cause the relay to toggle back on and remain on until the temperature again rises to the preset level. The relay action can be reversed so it toggles off at the lower end of the range by reversing the locations of the 5K potentiometer and thermistor. The 5.1 volt zener diode regulates the circuit voltage so that small changes in the 12 volt supply will not effect operation. The voltage across the thermistor should be half the supply or about 2.6 volts when the temperature is within the 3 degree range set by the potentiometer. Most any thermistor can be used, but the resistance should be above 1K ohm at the temperature of interest. The series resistor selected should be about twice the resistance of the thermistor so the adjustment ends up near the center of the control.
Monday, July 8, 2013
Schematic 10 Way Electronic Switch
This is a 10 way electronic latching switch using just two switches. Each output can be latched on and off independently.
10 Way Electronic Switch Circuit Diagram
Notes
The schematic is shown above, and two switches S1 and S2 are used to control the outputs. The main work is done by U2 a CMOS4017 decade counter divider IC. At switch on, C1 is quickly charged by R4 and a brief reset pulse is applied to to the reset pins of both U1 and U2. This results in U1, a 7 segment display display driver and decade counter showing "zero" on the 7 segment display and pin 3 (which is the output zero) of the 4017 becoming high.
Each time S1 is pressed the clock input of U2 is incremented, by one count and the display and 4017 will cycle through all 10 outputs. A separate reset switch is not provided as the display reads the currently selected output.
When the 4017 is on a particular output, for example zero, then the controlled circuit can be turned on or off using switch S2. To latch the output a type JK flip-flop is used at each of the ten outputs. This works as follows. When the 4017 is at output zero, pin 3 will be high. This enables both JK inputs of the flip flop (U4A at output zero) and the circuit can then be toggled via pulses applied from switch S2. The Q output of each flip-flop drives and NPN transistor and then a small relay. The NPN transistors can be any general purpose type, e.g. 2N2222, BC108, BC548 etc. The relay allows external loads of different voltage and current to this circuit to be controlled.
For clarity, the schematic is drawn with outputs, zero, six and nine shown only. The pinouts for the CMOS ICs 4017 and 4026 can be found in the practical section.
The CMOS 4026 is available at ESR Electronics in the UK.
If required, the external circuits power supply can be used to power the driver transistor and relay. This is shown on output 6, the dotted lines representing the power coming from an external battery. The only other requirement here is that the external circuits common negative terminal is tied to this circuits common chassis (negative) terminal.
10 Way Electronic Switch Circuit Diagram
The schematic is shown above, and two switches S1 and S2 are used to control the outputs. The main work is done by U2 a CMOS4017 decade counter divider IC. At switch on, C1 is quickly charged by R4 and a brief reset pulse is applied to to the reset pins of both U1 and U2. This results in U1, a 7 segment display display driver and decade counter showing "zero" on the 7 segment display and pin 3 (which is the output zero) of the 4017 becoming high.
Each time S1 is pressed the clock input of U2 is incremented, by one count and the display and 4017 will cycle through all 10 outputs. A separate reset switch is not provided as the display reads the currently selected output.
When the 4017 is on a particular output, for example zero, then the controlled circuit can be turned on or off using switch S2. To latch the output a type JK flip-flop is used at each of the ten outputs. This works as follows. When the 4017 is at output zero, pin 3 will be high. This enables both JK inputs of the flip flop (U4A at output zero) and the circuit can then be toggled via pulses applied from switch S2. The Q output of each flip-flop drives and NPN transistor and then a small relay. The NPN transistors can be any general purpose type, e.g. 2N2222, BC108, BC548 etc. The relay allows external loads of different voltage and current to this circuit to be controlled.
For clarity, the schematic is drawn with outputs, zero, six and nine shown only. The pinouts for the CMOS ICs 4017 and 4026 can be found in the practical section.
The CMOS 4026 is available at ESR Electronics in the UK.
If required, the external circuits power supply can be used to power the driver transistor and relay. This is shown on output 6, the dotted lines representing the power coming from an external battery. The only other requirement here is that the external circuits common negative terminal is tied to this circuits common chassis (negative) terminal.
Thursday, July 4, 2013
Electronic Fuse Employs A Relay
The hobby circuit below uses an unusual method to generate about 12,000 volts with about 5uA of current. Two SCRs form two pulse generator circuits. The two SCRs discharge a 0.047uF a 400v capacitor through a xenon lamp trigger coil at 120 times a second.
The high voltage pulses produced at the secondary of the trigger coil are rectified using two 6KV damper diodes. The voltage doubler circuit at the secondary of the trigger coil charges up two high voltage disc capacitors up to about 12KV. Although this circuit can’t produce a lot of current be very careful with it. A 12KV spark can jump about 0.75 of an inch so the electronic circuit needs to be carefully wired with lots of space between components.
Source by : Streampowers
Friday, April 5, 2013
Simple Electronic Lock
There are six (or more) push switches. To unlock you must press all the correct ones at the same time, but not press any of the cancel switches. Pressing just one cancel switch will prevent the circuit unlocking. When the circuit unlocks it actually just turns on an LED for about one second, but it is intended to be adapted to turn on a relay which could be used to switch on another circuit. Please Note: This circuit just turns on an LED for about one second when the correct switches are pressed. It does not actually lock or unlock anything!
Circuit diagram :
Simple Electronic Lock Circuit Diagram
Stripboard Layout :
Parts :
- resistors: 470, 100k ×2, 1M
- capacitors: 0.1μF, 1μF 16V radial
- on/off switch
- push-switch ×6 (or more)
- stripboard 12 rows × 25 holes
- red LED
- 555 timer IC
- 8-pin DIL socket for IC
- battery clip for 9V PP3
http://streampowers.blogspot.com/2012/06/simple-electronic-lock.html
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